参考API网址：Linux 命令大全
Linux资源配置
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汇总
查看系统配置，汇总信息CPU、内存、硬盘、网络等等：
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sudo lshw | grep less
输出：
olimi-pc
description: Computer
width: 64 bits
capabilities: smp vsyscall32
*-core
description: Motherboard
physical id: 0
*-memory
description: System memory
physical id: 1
size: 12GiB
*-cpu
product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-7300HQ CPU @ 2.50GHz
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 2
bus info: cpu@0
width: 64 bits
capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp x86-64 constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology cpuid pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rdseed adx smap clflushopt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities
*-display
description: 3D controller
product: Microsoft Corporation
vendor: Microsoft Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@cd21:00:00.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=dxgkrnl latency=0
resources: irq:0
*-scsi
physical id: 3
logical name: scsi0
*-disk:0
description: EXT4 volume
product: Virtual Disk
vendor: Linux
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: 1.0
serial: 3255683f-53a2-4fdf-91cf-b4c1041e2a62
size: 256GiB
capabilities: journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover 64bit extents ext4 ext2 initialized
configuration: ansiversion=5 created=2019-04-11 00:35:05 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/swap logicalsectorsize=512 modified=2022-04-10 11:06:59 mounted=2022-04-10 11:06:59 sectorsize=4096 state=clean
*-disk:1
description: EXT4 volume
product: Virtual Disk
vendor: Linux
physical id: 0.0.1
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.1
logical name: /dev/sdb
logical name: /
version: 1.0
serial: 3255683f-53a2-4fdf-91cf-b4c1041e2a62
size: 256GiB
capabilities: journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover 64bit extents ext4 ext2 initialized
configuration: ansiversion=5 created=2019-04-11 00:35:05 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/distros logicalsectorsize=512 modified=2022-04-10 11:07:01 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,discard,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered mounted=2022-04-10 11:07:01 sectorsize=4096 state=mounted
*-network:0 DISABLED
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 1
logical name: bond0
serial: 6e:14:5b:8f:54:0e
capabilities: ethernet physical
configuration: autonegotiation=off broadcast=yes driver=bonding driverversion=5.10.16.3-microsoft-standard-WS firmware=2 link=no master=yes multicast=yes
*-network:1 DISABLED
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 2
logical name: dummy0
serial: ea:b4:ca:e1:ed:db
capabilities: ethernet physical
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=dummy driverversion=5.10.16.3-microsoft-standard-WS
*-network:2
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 3
logical name: eth0
serial: 00:15:5d:08:47:9a
size: 10Gbit/s
capabilities: ethernet physical
configuration: autonegotiation=off broadcast=yes driver=hv_netvsc driverversion=5.10.16.3-microsoft-standard-WS duplex=full firmware=N/A ip=192.168.33.43 link=yes multicast=yes speed=10Gbit/s
信息显示太多，可以单独只输出某个部分，比如：
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$ sudo lshw -c cpu -c memory
*-memory
description: System memory
physical id: 1
size: 12GiB
*-cpu
product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-7300HQ CPU @ 2.50GHz
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 2
bus info: cpu@0
width: 64 bits
capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp x86-64 constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology cpuid pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rdseed adx smap clflushopt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities
CPU
单独的一些查看，CPU(静态信息):
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cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep model\ name
内存
内存Memory(动态信息)：
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$ free -mh
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 12G 263M 12G 64K 74M 11G
Swap: 4.0G 241M 3.8G
free - Display amount of free and used memory in the system
硬盘
查看硬盘信息(动态)：
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$ df -lh
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb 251G 8.7G 230G 4% /
tmpfs 6.2G 0 6.2G 0% /mnt/wsl
tools 118G 61G 57G 52% /init
none 6.2G 0 6.2G 0% /dev
none 6.2G 8.0K 6.2G 1% /run
none 6.2G 0 6.2G 0% /run/lock
none 6.2G 0 6.2G 0% /run/shm
none 6.2G 0 6.2G 0% /run/user
tmpfs 6.2G 0 6.2G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
drivers 118G 61G 57G 52% /usr/lib/wsl/drivers
lib 118G 61G 57G 52% /usr/lib/wsl/lib
# 我这是WSL
df - report file system disk space usage
显卡
显卡：
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$ lspci
cd21:00:00.0 3D controller: Microsoft Corporation Device 008e
# 我这还是WSL
设置
虚拟内存
下面是Linux上设置虚拟内存的方式(在Linux中需要做的是设置交换文件，即swap)
执行“sudo swapon -s”命令，查看是否已经存在swap file
如果第一步存在swapfile则需要先禁用
sudo swapoff /swapfile
- 修改swap 空间的大小为8G
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sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=8192
- 设置文件为“swap file”类型
sudo mkswap /swapfile
- 启用swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/e656bead51ee
注意(坑)：以上操作必须一起完成！！否则在swapoff了原本的swapfile之后会导致无法开机。因为系统没办法挂载原本的swapfile。如果中间没完成，记得重新把/swapfile挂载回去！
然后如果是使用WSL，配置方式：
添加文件.wslconfig，文件路径为 C:\Users\<UserName>\.wslconfig.文件内容：
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# Settings apply across all Linux distros running on WSL 2
[wsl2]
# Sets amount of swap storage space to 8GB, default is 25% of available RAM
swap=40GB
注意如果是动态修改不能更改swap位置，否则不能生效(这里跟上面linux同理，不能更改系统原本的swapfile文件，否则会导致系统损坏，或者不起效)。要更改swap位置，必须重装或新安装时就指定。
